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What is Definition of Disability about?

Th e 1981 Census of India was the fi rst and the last twentieth century census to enumerate the disabled. In it, they were classifi ed as 'blind', 'dumb', and 'crippled'. Th e criteria of impairment referred to was extreme: blindness required complete loss of sight in both eyes, dumb people had to be unable to speak and crippled had to lose use of both arms and/or both legs. As a result, only 1.1 million were identifi ed as disabled in the data recorded by the 1981 Census. Th e National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) also surveyed 'the disabled' in 1981 and subdivided them into four classes: visually handicapped, communication disability, locomotor disability, and mentally handicapped. Th ese classes were all less restrictively defi ned than in the Census, 1 although only marginally so. Th e Census took no 1 Visually disabled were defi ned as not being able to count the fi ngers of a hand correctly from a distance of three metres in good daylight. Persons who were communication handicapped were defi ned as those who suff ered from voice defects. Th e deaf were categorized into moderate, severe and profound. Locomotor disability was defi ned as the lack or loss of the normal abil

Author

Jayna Kothari

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Published

2012

Language

EN