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Chapter 9 ## Antiepileptic Drugs Epilepsy is defined as a neurological condition that is characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. The International League Against Epilepsy and the International Bureau for Epilepsy have come to consensus definitions for the term epilepsy: "Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures and by the neurobiologic, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences of this condition" [1]. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions, with an estimated prevalence of approximately 1% of the total population of North America. Pharmacological treatment of epileptic seizures practically started in the middle of the 19th century with the introduction of potassium bromide, the earliest effective treatment for epilepsy. There would not be a better drug until 1910 to 1912 when phenobarbital (9.1.1), along with other barbiturates, entered the pharmaceutical market followed by mephobarbital (9.1.2) and primidone (9.1.3). In the 1940s, another effective drug from the imidazolidine-2,4-dione class of compounds, phenytoin (9.1.4), was proposed for the treatment of epilepsy. Then foll
- Author
- Ruben Vardanyan; Victor Hruby
- Published
- 2016
- Language
- EN
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