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Raman spectroscopic study of ancient South African domestic clay pottery by M.A. Legodi; D. de Waal is a scholarly article available to read on EtoBox.

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The technique of Raman spectroscopy was used to examine the composition of ancient African domestic clay pottery of South African origin. One sample from each of four archaeological sites including Rooiwal, Lydenburg, Makahane and Graskop was studied. Normal dispersive Raman spectroscopy was found to be the most effective analytical technique in this study. XRF, XRD and FT-IR spectroscopy were used as complementary techniques. All representative samples contained common features, which were characterised by kaolin (Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 5 ), illite (KAl 4 (Si 7 AlO 20 )(OH) 4 ), feldspar (K-and NaAlSi 3 O 8 ), quartz (␣-SiO 2 ), hematite (␣-Fe 2 O 3 ), montmorillonite (Mg 3 (Si,Al) 4 (OH) 2 •4.5H 2 O[Mg] 0.35 ), and calcium silicate (CaSiO 3 ). Gypsum (CaSO 4 •2H 2 O) and calcium carbonates (most likely calcite, CaCO 3 ) were detected by Raman spectroscopy in Lydenburg, Makahane and Graskop shards. Amorphous carbon (with accompanying phosphates) was observed in the Raman spectra of Lydenburg, Rooiwal and Makahane shards, while rutile (TiO 2 ) appeared only in Makahane shard. The Raman spectra of Lydenburg and Rooiwal shards further showed the presence of anhydrite (CaSO 4 ). The resul

Author

M.A. Legodi; D. de Waal

Publisher

Elsevier Science; Elsevier ; Elsevier Ltd.; Pergamon Press Ltd.; Elsevier BV (ISSN 1386-1425)

Published

2007

Language

EN