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This paper examines the evolution of West African languages in Jamaica in two specific contexts or domains of usage. The first is the context of marronage, where physical isolation and absence of prolonged contact with non-African languages produce forms of speech closely related to West African languages and usually unknown outside of the context of the Maroons. The second is that of ritual or religion, where Africanderived observances demand and maintain African languages for effective communication with the world of the ancestors. ## Context 1: marronage Marronage created the context in which Africans communicated largely with Africans. It has been suggested that marronage occurred mostly at the time of the arrival of new slaves on the plantation and among these new arrivals. If this was so, it would mean that a nucleus of African people, unassimilated to European cultural norms and speaking different African languages, was thrown into close contact with each other and forced to forge new and cohesive communities. An analysis of the linguistic behaviour of Maroon groups in the Caribbean indicates the existence of forms of speech whose phonology, lexicon, and morphosyntax indicat

Author

BEVERLEY HALL-ALLEYNE

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Published

1990

Language

EN