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How study design affects outcomes in comparisons of therapy. I: Medical by Dr. Graham A. Colditz; James N. Miller; Frederick Mosteller is a Mathematics article available to read on EtoBox.

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We analysed 113 reports published in 1980 in a sample ofmedical journals to relate features of study design to the magnitude of gains attributed to new therapies over old. Overall we rated 87 per cent of new therapies as improvements over standard therapies. The mean gain (measured by the Mann-Whitney statistic) was relatively constant across study designs, except for non-randomized controlled trials with sequential assignment to therapy, which showed a significantly higher likelihood that a patient would do better on the innovation than on standard therapy (p=0.004). Randomized controlled trials that did not use a doubleblind design had a higher likelihood of showing a gain for the innovation than did double-blind trials (p=O.O2). Any evaluation of an innovation may include both bias and the true efficacy of the new therapy, therefore we may consider making adjustments for the average bias associated with a study design. When interpreting an evaluation of a new therapy, readers should consider the impact of the following average adjustments to the Mann-Whitney statistic: for trials with non-random sequential assignment a decrease of 0.15, for non-double-blind randomized controlled

Who reads How study design affects outcomes in comparisons of therapy. I: Medical?

Author

Dr. Graham A. Colditz; James N. Miller; Frederick Mosteller

Publisher

John Wiley and Sons; Wiley (John Wiley & Sons); John Wiley & Sons Inc.; Wiley (ISSN 0277-6715)

Published

1989

Language

EN

Field

Mathematics (Physical Sciences)