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What is Cardiac Output: Calculation and Factors about?

Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute. It is calculated by multiplying stroke volume by heart rate. Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped in one beat and is determined by the difference between end diastolic and systolic volumes. Cardiac output can be measured using dilution methods that inject dye or cold water and monitor its concentration in arterial blood over time. Factors that affect cardiac output include venous return, heart rate, contractility, and cardi

Author

jikook

Language

EN