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Human macrophage polarization in vitro: Maturation and activation methods compared by Daphne Y.S. Vogel; Judith E. Glim; Andrea W.D. Stavenuiter; Marjolein Breur; Priscilla Heijnen; Sandra Amor; Christine D. Dijkstra; Robert H.J. Beelen is a Immunology and Microbiology article available to read on EtoBox.
What is Human macrophage polarization in vitro: Maturation and activation methods compared about?
Macrophages form a heterogeneous cell population displaying multiple functions, and can be polarized into pro-(M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages, by environmental factors. Their activation status reflects a beneficial or detrimental role in various diseases. Currently several in vitro maturation and activation protocols are used to induce an M1 or M2 phenotype. Here, the impact of different maturation factors (NHS, M-CSF, or GM-CSF) and activation methods (IFN-␥/LPS, IL-4, dexamethason, IL-10) on the macrophage phenotype was determined. Regarding macrophage morphology, pro-inflammatory (M1) activation stimulated cell elongation, and anti-inflammatory (M2) activation induced a circular appearance. Activation with pro-inflammatory mediators led to increased CD40 and CD64 expression, whereas activation with anti-inflammatory factors resulted in increased levels of MR and CD163. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was induced by activation with IFN-␥/LPS, and TGF- production was enhanced by the maturation factors M-CSF and GM-CSF. Our data demonstrate that macrophage marker expression and cytokine production in vitro is highly dependent on both maturation and activation m
Who reads Human macrophage polarization in vitro: Maturation and activation methods compared?
It is typically read by researchers, students, and practitioners in Immunology and Microbiology.
- Author
- Daphne Y.S. Vogel; Judith E. Glim; Andrea W.D. Stavenuiter; Marjolein Breur; Priscilla Heijnen; Sandra Amor; Christine D. Dijkstra; Robert H.J. Beelen
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Immunology and Microbiology (Life Sciences)