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Cyclical changes in seroprevalence of leptospirosis in California sea lions: endemic and epidemic disease in one host species? by James O Lloyd-Smith; Denise J Greig; Sharon Hietala; George S Ghneim; Lauren Palmer; Judy St Leger; Bryan T Grenfell; Frances MD Gulland is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.
What is Cyclical changes in seroprevalence of leptospirosis in California sea lions: endemic and epidemic disease in one host species? about?
## Background Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease infecting a broad range of mammalian hosts, and is re-emerging globally. California sea lions (__Zalophus californianus__) have experienced recurrent outbreaks of leptospirosis since 1970, but it is unknown whether the pathogen persists in the sea lion population or is introduced repeatedly from external reservoirs. ## Methods We analyzed serum samples collected over an 11-year period from 1344 California sea lions that stranded alive on the California coast, using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for antibodies to __Leptospira interrogans__ serovar Pomona. We evaluated seroprevalence among yearlings as a measure of incidence in the population, and characterized antibody persistence times based on temporal changes in the distribution of titer scores. We conducted multinomial logistic regression to determine individual risk factors for seropositivity with high and low titers. ## Results The serosurvey revealed cyclical patterns in seroprevalence to __L. interrogans__ serovar Pomona, with 4–5 year periodicity and peak seroprevalence above 50%. Seroprevalence in yearling sea lions was an accurate index of exposure among all age
Who reads Cyclical changes in seroprevalence of leptospirosis in California sea lions: endemic and epidemic disease in one host species??
It is typically read by researchers, students, and practitioners in Medicine.
- Author
- James O Lloyd-Smith; Denise J Greig; Sharon Hietala; George S Ghneim; Lauren Palmer; Judy St Leger; Bryan T Grenfell; Frances MD Gulland
- Publisher
- BioMed Central; Springer (Biomed Central Ltd.); London: BioMed Central, 2001-; Springer Science and Business Media LLC; Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration Inc. (ISSN 1471-2334)
- Published
- 2007
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Medicine (Health Sciences)