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This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of atipamezole (ATIP) administered intranasally (IN) and intramuscularly (IM) in healthy Beagle dogs, and compared the efficacy of both routes for reversing xylazine sedation. Results showed that IM administration produced higher plasma concentrations and a faster reversal of sedation compared to IN, although both routes achieved complete reversal within 40 minutes. The findings suggest that while IN ATIP is slower, it remains a viable alternative when IM administra
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- ttkimngan2608
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- EN