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This document describes the Hawley appliance and its modifications. The Hawley appliance was originally developed in 1919 by C. Hawley as a passive retention device, but it later was also used as an active device to correct malocclusions. It consists of an acrylic base with retention hooks and a vestibular arch. Numerous modifications have been made to the Hawley appliance by adding elements such as springs, screws, or variations in the shape of the acrylic base to achieve different dental movement objectiv

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