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Existing and Emerging Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Relevance in Staging, Determination of Minimal Residual Disease, and Monitoring Treatment Response: a Narrative Review by Dana A. Dominguez; Paul Wong; Laleh G. Melstrom is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Background and Objective With the development of novel active systemic therapies, the landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management is rapidly changing. However, HCC lacks sensitive and specific biomarkers to predict prognosis, monitor for minimal residual disease after locoregional therapy, and predict treatment response. In this review, we aim to summarize the best supporting evidence for refining existing, and development of novel biomarkers for staging, prognosis, determination of minimal residual disease and monitoring treatment response in HCC, focusing on those with evidence in clinical trials. ## Methods PubMed and Embase databases were searched using the keywords; hepatocellular carcinoma, biomarker, minimal residual disease, surveillance, prognosis, staging, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), liquid biopsy, treatment response, adjuvant, immunotherapy. Relevant clinical studies were included. ## Key Content and Findings AFP remains the major workhorse as the most widely used biomarker in HCC, however, its lack of wide applicability due to the high proportion of patients with HCC who are AFP negative, limits its value throughout all stages of HCC management. Significant w

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Author

Dana A. Dominguez; Paul Wong; Laleh G. Melstrom

Publisher

AME Publishing Company

Published

2023

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)