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KLRG1 expression on natural killer cells is associated with HIV persistence, and its targeting promotes the reduction of the viral reservoir by Antonio Astorga-Gamaza; David Perea; Nerea Sanchez-Gaona; Marta Calvet-Mirabent; Ana Gallego-Cortés; Judith Grau-Expósito; Ildefonso Sanchez-Cerrillo; Joan Rey; Josep Castellví; Adrian Curran; Joaquin Burgos; Jordi Navarro; Paula Suanzes; Vicenç Falcó; Meritxell Genescà; Enrique Martín-Gayo; Maria J. Buzon is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.
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## Summary Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection induces immunological dysfunction, which limits the elimination of HIV-infected cells during treated infection. Identifying and targeting dysfunctional immune cells might help accelerate the purging of the persistent viral reservoir. Here, we show that chronic HIV infection increases natural killer (NK) cell populations expressing the negative immune regulator KLRG1, both in peripheral blood and lymph nodes. Antiretroviral treatment (ART) does not reestablish these functionally impaired NK populations, and the expression of KLRG1 correlates with active HIV transcription. Targeting KLRG1 with specific antibodies significantly restores the capacity of NK cells to kill HIV-infected cells, reactivates latent HIV present in CD4^+^ T cells co-expressing KLRG1, and reduces the intact HIV genomes in samples from ART-treated individuals. Our data support the potential use of immunotherapy against the KLRG1 receptor to impact the viral reservoir during HIV persistence.
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- Author
- Antonio Astorga-Gamaza; David Perea; Nerea Sanchez-Gaona; Marta Calvet-Mirabent; Ana Gallego-Cortés; Judith Grau-Expósito; Ildefonso Sanchez-Cerrillo; Joan Rey; Josep Castellví; Adrian Curran; Joaquin Burgos; Jordi Navarro; Paula Suanzes; Vicenç Falcó; Meritxell Genescà; Enrique Martín-Gayo; Maria J. Buzon
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023
- Field
- Medicine (Health Sciences)