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Possible protection by notoginsenoside R1 against glutamate neurotoxicity mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors composed of an NR1/NR2B subunit assembly by Bin Gu; Noritaka Nakamichi; Wen-Sheng Zhang; Yukary Nakamura; Yuki Kambe; Ryo Fukumori; Kazuhiro Takuma; Kiyofumi Yamada; Takeshi Takarada; Hideo Taniura; Yukio Yoneda is a Neuroscience article available to read on EtoBox.
What is Possible protection by notoginsenoside R1 against glutamate neurotoxicity mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors composed of an NR1/NR2B subunit assembly about?
## Abstract Notoginsenoside R1 (NTR1) is the main active ingredient in __Panax notoginseng__, a herbal medicine widely used in Asia for years. The purpose of this study was to investigate pharmacological properties of NTR1 on neurotoxicity of glutamate (Glu) in primary cultured mouse cortical neurons along with its possible mechanism of action. Wefound that NTR1 significantly protected neurons from the loss of cellular viability caused by brief exposure to 10 μM Glu for 1 hr in a dose‐dependent manner at concentrations from 0.1 to 10 μM, without affecting the viability alone. NTR1 significantly inhibited the increased number of cells positive to propidium iodide (PI) staining, increase of intracellular free Ca^2+^ ions, overproduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential in cultured neurons exposed to Glu, in addition to blocking decreased Bcl‐2 and increased Bax expression levels. We further evaluated the target site at which NTR1 protects neurons from Glu toxicity by using the acquired expression strategy of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. We found that 10 μM NTR1 protec
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- Author
- Bin Gu; Noritaka Nakamichi; Wen-Sheng Zhang; Yukary Nakamura; Yuki Kambe; Ryo Fukumori; Kazuhiro Takuma; Kiyofumi Yamada; Takeshi Takarada; Hideo Taniura; Yukio Yoneda
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons; Wiley (John Wiley & Sons); John Wiley & Sons Inc.; Wiley (ISSN 0360-4012)
- Published
- 2009
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Neuroscience (Life Sciences)