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Ecosystem by bheesmaorganics.co is a document available to read on EtoBox.

Chapter 12 of NCERT Class 12 Biology covers ecosystems, focusing on their structure and function, including key concepts like productivity, decomposition, energy flow, and nutrient cycling. It details the roles of abiotic and biotic components, the laws governing energy flow, and the significance of ecological pyramids and biogeochemical cycles. Additionally, it highlights ecosystem services and provides revision notes, diagrams, and expected questions for exam preparation.

Author

bheesmaorganics.co

Language

EN