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415. Role of BNST-CRF Neurons in Defensive Behaviors: Effect of Stress, Sex, and Estrous Cycle by Rachel Chudoba; Valentina Olivera-Pasilio; Susan Losee-Olson; Walter Francesconi; Fulvia Berton; Joanna Dabrowska is a Neuroscience article available to read on EtoBox.

What is 415. Role of BNST-CRF Neurons in Defensive Behaviors: Effect of Stress, Sex, and Estrous Cycle about?

Background: Fear conditioning (FC), or learning from aversive experience, is an important process influencing actionoutcome associations. Frontocingulate, insular, and amygdalar regions are: (1) associated with FC; and (2) altered in substance use disorders (SUD). However, it is unclear whether FC processes are specifically disrupted in SUD. This investigation examined the hypothesis that SUD individuals show altered neural processing during FC.Methods: SUD+ (n1⁄4162) and SUD-(n1⁄4110) groups from the Tulsa-1000 study underwent Pavlovian FC during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Linear mixed effects models compared group, conditioned stimulus type (CS+, CS-) and time (familiarization: run 1, conditioning: runs 2-3) on: (1) brain activation in frontocingulate, amygdala, and anterior insula (AI) regions of interest; and (2) subjective ratings of valence, anxiety, and arousal.Results: SUD+ reported greater anxiety symptoms than SUD-(p<.001, g1⁄4.52) but groups did not differ on other demographic characteristics. During conditioning, compared to SUD-, SUD+ showed: (1) lower anxiety rating differentiation between CS+ and CS-(p1⁄4.03, g1⁄4.28); and (2) greater dorsal anterior cing

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Author

Rachel Chudoba; Valentina Olivera-Pasilio; Susan Losee-Olson; Walter Francesconi; Fulvia Berton; Joanna Dabrowska

Publisher

Elsevier BV

Published

2023

Language

EN

Field

Neuroscience (Life Sciences)