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What is Kidney Anatomy and Relations Overview about?
The kidneys are a pair of excretory organs that remove waste and excess water, salts, and electrolytes from the blood to maintain pH balance. Each kidney is bean-shaped, around 11cm long and located retroperitoneally between T12 and L3 vertebrae. They have an upper broad pole near the suprarenal gland and a pointed lower pole, and lie anterior to structures like the liver, duodenum, and intestines. The kidneys have a fibrous capsule, perirenal fat, and are covered by layers of fascia when accessed during su
- Author
- Sheikh Hammad
- Language
- EN