About this Materials Science article
Synthesis of doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 ceramic powder via a sol–freeze-granulation and freeze-drying process by F. Paul; J.R. Binder; H. Gesswein; H.-J. Ritzhaupt-Kleissl; J. Hausselt is a Materials Science article available to read on EtoBox.
This paper presents a method for synthesizing undoped and doped ceramic (Ba,Sr)TiO 3 (BST) powders. The method is based on a sol-drying process utilizing freeze-granulation and freeze-drying of freshly prepared sols. The presented route is flexible regarding the stoichiometry of the powders and the chemistry of the utilized doping agent. Starting materials are the alkaline-earth acetates and titanium isopropoxide. The used solvent is a mixture of glacial acetic acid and water. The resulting precursor powder exhibits spherical and highly porous granules. The microstructure of the granules shows cell-like structures with wall thicknesses in the range of 100 nm or less. The primary particle size can be varied between 40 nm and several hundred nm by simply varying the calcination temperature. At higher calcination temperatures the agglomerates are easier to destroy by ultrasonic treatment. The tested dopants were Fe 3+ , Ta 5+ and Fe 3þ þ F À . The differently doped precursor and ceramic powders were examined using SEM-, TEM-, BET-, XRD-(with Rietveld-refinement), laser diffraction-and X-ray-fluorescence-techniques. This method is well suited to provide variably and homogeniously doped
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- Author
- F. Paul; J.R. Binder; H. Gesswein; H.-J. Ritzhaupt-Kleissl; J. Hausselt
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science; Elsevier ; Elsevier Ltd.; Elsevier BV (ISSN 0272-8842)
- Published
- 2009
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Materials Science (Physical Sciences)