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Winning the battle and losing the war: Examining the relation between grade retention and dropping out of high school by Shane R. Jimerson; Gabrielle E. Anderson; Angela D. Whipple is a Psychology article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract The aim of this investigation is to provide a comprehensive review of dropout research that examines grade retention within both associative and predictive models. A systematic review of seventeen studies examining dropping out of high school prior to graduation demonstrates that grade retention is one of the most powerful predictors of dropout status. The discussion addresses the discrepancies among the perspectives of many educational professionals regarding the effectiveness of grade retention and deleterious long‐term correlates. The transactional model of development is presented, which emphasizes developmental trajectories over time, in order to facilitate the interpretation of the association between grade retention and school withdrawal. Educational professionals, teachers, researchers, parents, and policymakers considering the efficacy of grade retention are encouraged to consider the implications of these findings. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Who reads Winning the battle and losing the war: Examining the relation between grade retention and dropping out of high school?

Author

Shane R. Jimerson; Gabrielle E. Anderson; Angela D. Whipple

Publisher

John Wiley and Sons; Wiley (John Wiley & Sons); John Wiley & Sons Inc.; Wiley (ISSN 0033-3085)

Published

2002

Language

EN

Field

Psychology (Social Sciences)