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Degradation of sulfamethoxazole in microbubble ozonation process: Performance, reaction mechanism and toxicity assessment by Jing Zhang; Shaoyan Lv; Qian Yu; Chun Liu; Junjun Ma; Minglong Jia; Shiyuan Fang is a Engineering article available to read on EtoBox.

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Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) as a widely used antibiotic has caused ecological problems in aquatic environment due to high toxicity and poor biodegradability. In this study, the microbubble ozonation (MB/O 3 ) process was applied for SMX removal, compared with common bubble ozonation (CB/O 3 ) process under the same conditions. The results showed that the SMX degradation and mineralization were much more efficient in MB/O 3 process than those in CB/O 3 process. The enhancement generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MB/O 3 process was proven by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) detection, including hydroxyl free radicals (• OH), superoxide free radicals (O 2•-), and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ). In addition, it was found that• OH and 1 O 2 contributed 84.82% and 67.74% of SMX removal in MB/O 3 and CB/O 3 processes, respectively. The preferential reaction sites of SMX were predicted by density functional theory (DFT) calculation in ozonation process. The sulfonamide group, 17(N), 13(C), 15(C), and 9(C) regions were determined as the more active electrophilic reaction sites. More various and complex degradation pathways of SMX in MB/O 3 process were proposed according to intermediat

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Author

Jing Zhang; Shaoyan Lv; Qian Yu; Chun Liu; Junjun Ma; Minglong Jia; Shiyuan Fang

Publisher

Elsevier BV

Published

2023

Language

EN

Field

Engineering (Physical Sciences)