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Translation and Validation of The Extremism Scale in Urdu: A Measure of Non-Violent Ideological Beliefs by rida kazmi is a document available to read on EtoBox.
This research paper focuses on the translation and validation of the Extremism Scale (ES) into Urdu to measure non-violent ideological beliefs. The study found that the Urdu version of the ES maintained linguistic clarity and achieved conceptual equivalence with the original English version, demonstrating good reliability and validity. It emphasizes the importance of understanding extremism in the context of South Asia, particularly among youth, and suggests further testing in populations more prone to extr
- Author
- rida kazmi
- Language
- EN