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Irisin and Incretin Hormones: Similarities, Differences, and Implications in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity by Nicola Marrano; Giuseppina Biondi; Anna Borrelli; Angelo Cignarelli; Sebastio Perrini; Luigi Laviola; Francesco Giorgino; Annalisa Natalicchio is a Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology article available to read on EtoBox.
What is Irisin and Incretin Hormones: Similarities, Differences, and Implications in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity about?
Incretins are gut hormones that potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) after meals. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the most investigated incretin hormone, synthesized mainly by L cells in the lower gut tract. GLP-1 promotes β-cell function and survival and exerts beneficial effects in different organs and tissues. Irisin, a myokine released in response to a high-fat diet and exercise, enhances GSIS. Similar to GLP-1, irisin augments insulin biosynthesis and promotes accrual of β-cell functional mass. In addition, irisin and GLP-1 share comparable pleiotropic effects and activate similar intracellular pathways. The insulinotropic and extra-pancreatic effects of GLP-1 are reduced in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients but preserved at pharmacological doses. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are therefore among the most widely used antidiabetes drugs, also considered for their cardiovascular benefits and ability to promote weight loss. Irisin levels are lower in T2D patients, and in diabetic and/or obese animal models irisin administration improves glycemic control and promotes weight loss. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that both GLP-1 and irisin are also syn
Who reads Irisin and Incretin Hormones: Similarities, Differences, and Implications in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity?
It is typically read by researchers, students, and practitioners in Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology.
- Author
- Nicola Marrano; Giuseppina Biondi; Anna Borrelli; Angelo Cignarelli; Sebastio Perrini; Luigi Laviola; Francesco Giorgino; Annalisa Natalicchio
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)