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Gaze Holding and the Neural Integrator by R. John Leigh; David S. Zee is a book available to read on EtoBox.

What is Gaze Holding and the Neural Integrator about?

This chapter reviews the neural network that temporally integrates premotor, velocity-coded signals to achieve tonic contraction of the extraocular muscles to hold the eyes at an eccentric position in the orbits. The mechanical properties of the eye and its supporting tissues are quantified and related to the pulse-slide-step neural command for a saccadic change in eye position. The anatomical substrate and neuropharmacology of the neural integrator is reviewed, including nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, interstitial nucleus of Cajal and cerebellum. Mathematical and animal models for the neural integrator are discussed, addressing points about how a leaky or unstable integrator may arise. Clinical and laboratory evaluation of gaze holding is summarized. Effects of experimentally inactivating the neural integrator are compared with clinical disorders affecting gaze holding, including a discussion of the pathogenesis of gaze-evoked nystagmus and Alexander’s law. Compensatory mechanisms for a leaky neural integrator are discussed, including centripetal, rebound, and gaze-evoked nystagmus.

Author

R. John Leigh; David S. Zee

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Published

2015

Language

EN