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Ganglion ultrastructure in phylactolaemate Bryozoa: Evidence for a neuroepithelium by Alexander Gruhl; Thomas Bartolomaeus is a Environmental Science article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract In contrast to other Bryozoa, members of the subtaxon Phylactolaemata bear a subepithelial cerebral ganglion that resembles a hollow vesicle rather than being compact. In older studies this ganglion was said to originate by an invagination of the pharyngeal epithelium. Unfortunately, documentation for this is fragmentary. In chordates the central nervous system also arises by an invagination‐like process, but this mode is uncommon among invertebrate phyla. As a first attempt to gather more data about this phenomenon, cerebral ganglia in two phylactolaemate species, __Fredericella sultana__ and __Plumatella emarginata,__ were examined at the ultrastructural level. In both species the ganglion bears a small central lumen. The ganglionic cells are organized in the form of a neuroepithelium. They are polarized and interconnected by adherens junctions on their apical sides and reside on a basal lamina. The nerve cell somata are directed towards the central lumen, whereas the majority of nervous processes are distributed basally. Orientation of the neuroepithelial cells can be best explained by the possibility that they develop by invagination. A comparison with potential out

Who reads Ganglion ultrastructure in phylactolaemate Bryozoa: Evidence for a neuroepithelium?

Author

Alexander Gruhl; Thomas Bartolomaeus

Publisher

John Wiley and Sons; Wiley (John Wiley & Sons); John Wiley & Sons Inc.; Wiley (ISSN 0362-2525)

Published

2007

Language

EN

Field

Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)