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Pharaonic Egypt and the origins of plague by Eva Panagiotakopulu is a Environmental Science article available to read on EtoBox.
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## Abstract **Aim** This paper examines the possibility that bubonic plague was a disease endemic in the wild rodent population of Egypt and East Africa. **Location** The study focuses on Egypt and the Nile Valley during the Pharaonic period. **Methods** This paper presents a hypothesis based on archaeoentomological, archaeozoological and biogeographical information on the insect and small mammal species involved in the spread of plague, as well as relevant information from early literary sources. **Results** The primary host for the rat flea __Xenopsylla cheopis__ is the Nile rat, __Arvicanthis niloticus__. Urbanization and the Nile floods brought into contact humans and the Nile rat and its ectoparasite, __Xenopsylla cheopis__, which was able to move to a newly introduced host the synanthropic __Rattus rattus__. The existence of large numbers of human fleas and squalid conditions from the Workmens’ Village at Amarna, evidence for nile rats and black rats from Pharaonic sites and descriptions of an epidemic disease in the Amarna letters, the Hittitic archives and the Ebers papyrus with references to swelling buboes, present a new scenario for the origins of the disease. **Main con
Who reads Pharaonic Egypt and the origins of plague?
It is typically read by researchers, students, and practitioners in Environmental Science.
- Author
- Eva Panagiotakopulu
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons; Wiley (Blackwell Publishing); Blackwell Publishing Inc.; Wiley; JSTOR (ISSN 0305-0270)
- Published
- 2004
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)