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This document investigates the instability of natural convection in nanofluids. It shows that the critical Rayleigh number, which determines the transition from laminar to turbulent flow, is much lower for nanofluids - reduced by one to two orders of magnitude. This is due to Brownian motion and thermophoresis of nanoparticles, even at low volume fractions of just 1%. The enhanced turbulence significantly increases heat transfer in nanofluids beyond just improving thermal conductivity alone. Closed-form sol

Author

Zaheen Khan

Language

EN