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Identification of 3‐hydroxy‐β‐damascone and related carotenoid‐derived aroma compounds as novel potent inducers of Nrf2‐mediated phase 2 response with concomitant anti‐inflammatory activity by Clarissa Gerhäuser; Karin Klimo; Wolfgang Hümmer; Jana Hölzer; Astrid Petermann; Antonio Garreta‐Rufas; Frank‐D. Böhmer; Peter Schreier is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract Structural comparison of apple constituents with known inducers of phase two cytoprotective enzymes led to the identification of 3‐hydroxy‐β‐damascone and related carotenoid derived aroma compounds as potent inducers of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase (QR) activity. Damascone‐related compounds were found to be more potent inducers than ionone derivatives, with CD values (concentrations required to double the specific activity of QR in Hepa1c1c7 cell culture) in the range of 1.0–5.7 μM. QR induction by 3‐hydroxy‐β‐damascone was shown to be mediated __via__ transcription factor Nrf2 signaling in transient transfection experiments. We further identified aroma compounds as potent inhibitors of LPS‐induced inducible nitric oxide synthase activity in Raw 264.7 cell culture. Again, damascone derivatives were most potent with half‐maximal inhibitory concentration values of 1.8–7.9 μM. These results reveal previously unrecognized cancer chemopreventive potential of aroma compounds such as β‐damascenone, 3‐hydroxy‐β‐damascone, and related substances, which may contribute to the cancer protective efficacy of apple products and other dietary sources in animal models.

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Author
Clarissa Gerhäuser; Karin Klimo; Wolfgang Hümmer; Jana Hölzer; Astrid Petermann; Antonio Garreta‐Rufas; Frank‐D. Böhmer; Peter Schreier
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons; Wiley (John Wiley & Sons); John Wiley & Sons Ltd.; Wiley (ISSN 1613-4125)
Published
2009
Language
EN
Field
Medicine (Health Sciences)

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