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## The objective fuced by the European Commission in 1995 was that 5 % of the&e1 usedfor transport in France should be producedfrom renewable energy by 2005. As opposed to some other European countt?es, there is no environmental tax on fossilfirels in France, but the Government has agreed to a tax incentive system on biofiels. Experimental work on liquid biofiels as a transport fiel started in France in the early 80's, but the use of biofuels on a commercial basis really started to develop when the setaside rules and tax incentives came into force in 1991. ## Out of the two routes originally consideredfor development : bioethanol and its ETBE derivative, and vegetable oils and their methyl ester derivatives, priority has now been given to : ?? ETBE produced from sugar beet and wheat and now jivm sub-products of starch industty, which are widely grown in France ; ETBE is blended with gasoline for use in spark ignition engines. ## Production of wheat and beet for energy purposes is very similar to food production. In France, ethanol producedfiom sugar beet is a traditional industry ; this was the first route to be developed. The results of a ltfe cycle analysis made for ETBE produced

Who reads The potential of liquid biofuels in France?

Author

Etienne Poitrat

Publisher

Elsevier Science; Elsevier ; Elsevier Ltd.; Elsevier BV (ISSN 0960-1481)

Published

1999

Language

EN

Field

Engineering (Physical Sciences)