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Biosynthesis of Lysosomally Escaped Apoptotic Bodies Inhibits Inflammasome Synthesis in Macrophages by Jiayi Mao1†, Wenzheng Xia1†, Yanglin WuPeisong Zhai3, Yuguang Zhang1, Tao Zaand Xiaoming Sun1* is a book available to read on EtoBox.

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†These authors contributed equally to this work.Hyperglycemia and bacterial colonization in diabetic wounds aberrantly activate Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in macrophages, resulting in extensive inflammatory infiltration and impaired wound healing. Targeted suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome shows promise in reducing macrophage inflammatory disruptions. However, challenges such as drug off-target effects and degradation via lysosomal capture remain during treatment. In this study, engineered apoptotic bodies (BHB-dABs) derived from adipose stem cells loaded with β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) were synthesized via biosynthesis. These vesicles target M1-type macrophages, which highly express the folic acid receptor in the inflammatory microenvironment, and facilitate lysosomal escape through 1,2-distearoyl-sn-propyltriyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine–polyethylene glycol functionalization, which may enhance the efficacy of NLRP3 inhibition for managing diabetic wounds. In vitro studies demonstrated the biocompatibility of BHB-dABs, their selective targeting of M1-type macrophages, and their ability to release BHB within the inflammatory microenvironment via folic acid and folic a

Author

Jiayi Mao1†, Wenzheng Xia1†, Yanglin WuPeisong Zhai3, Yuguang Zhang1, Tao Zaand Xiaoming Sun1*

Published

2025

Language

EN