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Karst collapse and gypsum-filled veins in Eocene outcrops, Dammam Dome, Saudi Arabia: Causes and implications by Alkhalifa, Mohammad A. (author);Kurison, Clay (author) is a Earth and Planetary Sciences article available to read on EtoBox.

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A recent road cut through a Dammam Formation outcrop on the Dammam Dome in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, exposed an array of open fractures and gypsum-filled veins. The discontinuities were mostly contained within the Saila Shale member and consisted of horizontal, vertical, and inclined extensional fractures, most of which were filled with gypsum. The veins were of varying thickness with the largest exceeding 2.5 inches. Vertical gypsum veins, similar to those encountered at the road cut, were found in adjacent areas. A thin layer of gypsum (about 1 inch) was also observed in the Upper Rus Formation. The open vertical and horizontal fractures, in the Saila and Midra Shale members, were devoid of gypsum fill, and were interpreted to be recent with indications of being triggered by the excavation work. The open fractures and filled veins covered a stretch of about 250 ft. across the road cut that also exposed what was interpreted as a local karst collapse. Horizontally-layered and continuous rocks overlying the collapse indicated that it was a paleo structure. The causal mechanism for fracture formation and subsequent fill was associated with deformations accompanying post-karst collapse.

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Author

Alkhalifa, Mohammad A. (author);Kurison, Clay (author)

Publisher

Elsevier BV

Published

2023

Language

EN

Field

Earth and Planetary Sciences (Physical Sciences)