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The Two Faces of Cyanide: an Environmental Toxin and a Potential Novel Mammalian Gasotransmitter by Karim Zuhra; Csaba Szabo is a Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology article available to read on EtoBox.

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Cyanide is traditionally viewed as a cytotoxic agent, with its primary mode of action being the inhibition of mitochondrial Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase). However, recent studies demonstrate that the effect of cyanide on Complex IV in various mammalian cells is biphasic: in lower concentrations (nanomolar to low micromolar) cyanide stimulates Complex IV activity, increases ATP production and accelerates cell proliferation, while at higher concentrations (high micromolar to low millimolar) it produces the previously known ('classic') toxic effects. The first part of the article describes the cytotoxic actions of cyanide in the context of environmental toxicology, and highlights pathophysiological conditions (e.g., cystic fibrosis with Pseudomonas colonization) where bacterially produced cyanide exerts deleterious effects to the host. The second part of the article summarizes the mammalian sources of cyanide production and overviews the emerging concept that mammalian cells may produce cyanide, in low concentrations, to serve biological regulatory roles. Cyanide fulfills many of the general criteria as a 'classical' mammalian gasotransmitter and shares some common features with t

Who reads The Two Faces of Cyanide: an Environmental Toxin and a Potential Novel Mammalian Gasotransmitter?

Author

Karim Zuhra; Csaba Szabo

Publisher

Wiley

Published

2021

Language

EN

Field

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Physical Sciences)