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Social Isolation, Sleep Disturbance, and Cognitive Functioning (HRS): A Longitudinal Mediation Study by Xiang Qi; Yaolin Pei; Susan K Malone; Bei Wu is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract ## Background Social isolation is prevalent and associated with dementia, yet the directionality and mechanisms are less understood. This study examined the association between social isolation and cognitive functioning and explored the mediating role of sleep disturbance on the social isolation–cognition relationship. ## Methods Data from 5 753 dementia-free Americans aged ≥50 of 2006 (T1), 2010 (T2), and 2014 (T3) waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Social isolation was measured by the Steptoe Social Isolation Index. Cognitive functioning was measured by the Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status. Sleep disturbance was measured with the modified Jenkins Sleep Scale. We used cross-lagged panel models to determine the associations between social isolation, sleep disturbance, and cognitive functioning. ## Results Social isolation is significantly associated with subsequent cognitive functioning (T1 to T2: β = −0.055, standard error [SE] = 0.014, p < .001; T2 to T3: β = −0.044, SE = 0.016, p < .001). Lower cognitive functioning is significantly associated with greater subsequent social isolation (T1 to T2: β = −0.101, SE = 0.020, p < .001; T2 to T3: β = −0.058, SE

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Author

Xiang Qi; Yaolin Pei; Susan K Malone; Bei Wu

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Published

2023

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)