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The effects of noninvasive brain stimulation on heart rate and heart rate variability: A systematic review and meta‐analysis by Maximilian Schmaußer; Sven Hoffmann; Markus Raab; Sylvain Laborde is a Neuroscience article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation are widely used to test the involvement of specific cortical regions in various domains such as cognition and emotion. Despite the capability of stimulation techniques to test causal directions, this approach has been only sparsely used to examine the cortical regulation of autonomic nervous system (ANS) functions such as heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) and to test current models in this regard. In this preregistered (PROSPERO) systematic review and meta‐analysis, we aimed to investigate, based on meta‐regression, whether NIBS represents an effective method for modulating HR and HRV measures, and to evaluate whether the ANS is modulated by cortical mechanisms affected by NIBS. Here we have adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. In a series of four meta‐analyses, a total of 131 effect sizes from 35 sham‐controlled trials were analyzed using robust variance estimation random‐effects meta‐regression technique. NIBS was found to effectively modulate HR and HRV with small to medium effect sizes. Moderator analyses yielded significa

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Author

Maximilian Schmaußer; Sven Hoffmann; Markus Raab; Sylvain Laborde

Publisher

Wiley

Published

2022

Language

EN

Field

Neuroscience (Life Sciences)