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Hallucination-Proneness is Associated With a Decrease in Robust Averaging of Perceptual Evidence by Emmett M Larsen; Jingwen Jin; Xian Zhang; Kayla R Donaldson; Megan Liew; Guillermo Horga; Christian Luhmann; Aprajita Mohanty is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

What is Hallucination-Proneness is Associated With a Decrease in Robust Averaging of Perceptual Evidence about?

## Abstract ## Background and Hypothesis Hallucinations are characterized by disturbances in perceptual decision-making about environmental stimuli. When integrating across multiple stimuli to form a perceptual decision, typical observers engage in “robust averaging” by down-weighting extreme perceptual evidence, akin to a statistician excluding outlying data. Furthermore, observers adapt to contexts with more unreliable evidence by increasing this down-weighting strategy. Here, we test the hypothesis that hallucination-prone individuals (n = 38 high vs n = 91 low) would show a decrease in this robust averaging and diminished sensitivity to changes in evidence variance. ## Study Design We used a multielement perceptual averaging task to elicit dichotomous judgments about the “average color” (red/blue) of an array of stimuli in trials with varied strength (mean) and reliability (variance) of decision-relevant perceptual evidence. We fitted computational models to task behavior, with a focus on a log-posterior-ratio (LPR) model which integrates evidence as a function of the log odds of each perceptual option and produces a robust averaging effect. ## Study Results Hallucination-prone

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Author

Emmett M Larsen; Jingwen Jin; Xian Zhang; Kayla R Donaldson; Megan Liew; Guillermo Horga; Christian Luhmann; Aprajita Mohanty

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Published

2023

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)