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RIPK1 Expression Associates with Inflammation in Early Atherosclerosis in Humans and Can be Therapeutically Silenced to Reduce NF-ÎoB Activation and Atherogenesis in Mice by Denuja Karunakaran; My-Anh Nguyen; Michele Geoffrion; Dianne Vreeken; Zachary Lister; Henry S. Cheng; Nicola Otte; Patricia Essebier; Hailey Wyatt; Joshua W. Kandiah; Richard Jung; Francis J. Alenghat; Ana Mompeon; Richard Lee; Calvin Pan; Emma Gordon; Adil Rasheed; Aldons J. Lusis; Peter Liu; Ljubica Perisic Matic; Ulf Hedin; Jason E. Fish; Liang Guo; Frank Kolodgie; Renu Virmani; Janine M. van Gils; Katey J. Rayner is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Background: Chronic activation of the innate immune system drives inflammation and contributes directly to atherosclerosis. We previously showed that macrophages in the atherogenic plaque undergo RIPK3 (receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3)-MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein)–dependent programmed necroptosis in response to sterile ligands such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein and damage-associated molecular patterns and that necroptosis is active in advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Upstream of the RIPK3-MLKL necroptotic machinery lies RIPK1 (receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1), which acts as a master switch that controls whether the cell undergoes NF-κB (nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells)–dependent inflammation, caspase-dependent apoptosis, or necroptosis in response to extracellular stimuli. We therefore set out to investigate the role of RIPK1 in the development of atherosclerosis, which is driven largely by NF-κB–dependent inflammation at early stages. We hypothesize that, unlike RIPK3 and MLKL, RIPK1 primarily drives NF-κB–dependent inflammation in early atherogenic lesions, and knocking down RIPK

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Author

Denuja Karunakaran; My-Anh Nguyen; Michele Geoffrion; Dianne Vreeken; Zachary Lister; Henry S. Cheng; Nicola Otte; Patricia Essebier; Hailey Wyatt; Joshua W. Kandiah; Richard Jung; Francis J. Alenghat; Ana Mompeon; Richard Lee; Calvin Pan; Emma Gordon; Adil Rasheed; Aldons J. Lusis; Peter Liu; Ljubica Perisic Matic; Ulf Hedin; Jason E. Fish; Liang Guo; Frank Kolodgie; Renu Virmani; Janine M. van Gils; Katey J. Rayner

Publisher

Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart Association; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ltd.; Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) (ISSN 0009-7322)

Published

2021

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)