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Mechanistic studies on protopanaxadiol, Rh2, and ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) extract induced cytotoxicity in intestinal Caco-2 cells by David G. Popovich; David D. Kitts is a Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract Certain ginsenosides, also known as triterpene glycosides, have been recently reported to have a characteristic effect on cultured intestinal and leukemia cell growth. Ginsenoside aglycones 20(S)‐protopanaxadiol (PD), 20(S)‐protopanaxatriol (PT), and ginsenoside Rh2 have been identified as having a strong effect on reducing cell viability. Furthermore, ginsenoside Rh2 is thought to be a rare ginsenoside not found in all ginseng products. Rather, Rh2 has been recently reported to be a breakdown product of thermal processing of North American ginseng. In this study, pure ginsenosides PD, PT, Rh2 standards and an enriched Rh2 fraction derived from ginseng leaf were tested in cultured Caco‐2 cells for relative cytotoxic potency. PD and Rh2 LC50 were similar after 24 to 72 h, whereas a drop in PT LC50 occurred later at 48 and 72 h. Furthermore, PD and Rh2 affected membrane integrity as indicated by LDH secretion earlier than PT and the enriched Rh2 fraction (__P__ ≤ 0.05). Ginsenoside Rh2 showed the greatest (__P__ ≤ 0.05) build up of necrotic cells (18.3 ± 0.1%) at the respective LC50 after 24 h and PD (21.3 ± 0.3%) showed the largest effect after 44 h of exposure. The effe

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Author

David G. Popovich; David D. Kitts

Publisher

John Wiley and Sons; Wiley (John Wiley & Sons); John Wiley & Sons Inc.; Wiley (ISSN 1095-6670)

Published

2004

Language

EN

Field

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)