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Agricultural Selection of Wheat Has Been Shaped by Plant-Microbe Interactions by Tkacz, Andrzej; Pini, Francesco; Turner, Thomas R.; Bestion, Eloà ̄ne; Simmonds, James; Howell, Phil; Greenland, Andy; Cheema, Jitender; Emms, David M.; Uauy, Cristobal; Poole, Philip S. is a Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology article available to read on EtoBox.

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The influence of wheat (modern wheat, both bread and pasta, their wild ancestors and synthetic hybrids) on the microbiota of their roots and surrounding soil is characterized. We isolated lines of bread wheat by hybridizing diploid (__Aegilops tauschii__) with tetraploid __Triticum durum__ and crossed it with a modern cultivar of __Triticum aestivum__. The newly created, synthetic hybrid wheat, which recapitulate the breeding history of wheat through artificial selection, is found to support a microbiome enriched in beneficial Glomeromycetes fungi, but also in, potentially detrimental, Nematoda. We hypothesize that during wheat domestication this plant-microbe interaction diminished, suggesting an evolutionary tradeoff; sacrificing advantageous nutrient acquisition through fungal interactions to minimize interaction with pathogenic fungi. Increased plant selection for Glomeromycetes and Nematoda is correlated with the D genome derived from __A. tauschii__. Despite differences in their soil microbiota communities, overall wheat plants consistently show a low ratio of eukaryotes to prokaryotes. We propose that this is a mechanism for protection against soil-borne fungal disease and a

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Author

Tkacz, Andrzej; Pini, Francesco; Turner, Thomas R.; Bestion, Eloà ̄ne; Simmonds, James; Howell, Phil; Greenland, Andy; Cheema, Jitender; Emms, David M.; Uauy, Cristobal; Poole, Philip S.

Publisher

Frontiers; Frontiers Media SA; Frontiers Media S.A.; Lausanne: Frontiers Media S.A., 2010-; Publons (ISSN 1664-302X)

Published

2020

Language

EN

Field

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)