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An Integrated Eco-friendly and Efficient Approach Towards Heavy Metal Removal from Industrial Wastewater and Co-generating Bio-oil Using Wheat Straw via Hydrothermal Liquefaction by Ashutosh Kumar; Amrita Preetam; K.K. Pant is a Environmental Science article available to read on EtoBox.

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Industrialization and population growth have adversely affected our environment. Heavy metal-contaminated industrial wastewater and the extensive use of fossils fuel are the prime reason for the degradation of the environment. In this research work, removal of heavy metals (Ni, Fe, and Cr) was achieved from synthetically prepared wastewater in a two-step process, i.e., metal-impregnation and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). In the first stage, metal removal was investigated via batch impregnation process using wheat straw by varying parameters such as pH (2 − 12), biomass dosages (0.5 – 1.5 g), and contact time (up to 48 h). The maximum metal removal achieved at this stage was 55 – 65 % (Ni – 58.78 ± 1.5 %, Fe – 62.55 ± 1.8 %, and Cr – 63.51 ± 1.7 %). In the second stage, almost complete removal of heavy metals (99.9 %) was accomplished during the hydrothermal liquefaction of metal-loaded wheat straw and filtered wastewater (used as solvent) collected after the biosorption process. The HTL experiment of metal-impregnated wheat straw was performed by varying temperatures, biomass–to–wastewater ratio, and residence time. Nano-metals (oxides/hydroxides) were formed in the 10–50 nm ran

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Author

Ashutosh Kumar; Amrita Preetam; K.K. Pant

Publisher

Elsevier BV

Published

2023

Language

EN

Field

Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)