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Bacterial and Archaeal Cell Structure by Jamie S. Depelteau; Susanne Brenzinger; Ariane Briegel is a book available to read on EtoBox.

What is Bacterial and Archaeal Cell Structure about?

Most bacteria and archaea constantly face changing and often hostile environments. Therefore, their cell envelopes must provide adequate protection against physical, chemical and biological stresses while allowing an adequate influx of nutrients and efflux of waste products and signaling molecules. As bacterial and archaeal cell envelopes differ fundamentally in their composition and structure, they will be discussed separately. ## Bacterial Envelope Structure Traditionally, bacterial envelopes are classified into one of two groups using the Gram strain. Gram-negative bacteria possess a cytoplasmic membrane (CM), a thin peptidoglycan (PG) layer and an outer membrane (OM), while Gram-positive bacteria lack the OM and produce a thicker PG cell wall (Fig. 1, upper panel). Some notable exceptions of bacteria that lack a continuous PG layer exist, such as for example in Mycoplasma. The CM of bacteria is a phospholipid bilayer, its two leaflets are clearly distinguishable using electron microscopy at high magnification (Fig. 1, lower panel). The CM is water-permeable but impermeable to polar organic solutes and inorganic ions. This allows the cells to generate an inward-directed proton m

Author

Jamie S. Depelteau; Susanne Brenzinger; Ariane Briegel

Published

2019

Language

EN