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Cardiorenal Syndrome, Chronic Kidney Disease, Anemia, and Heart Failure by Michelle Mason Parker; Mark Wigger is a book available to read on EtoBox.

What is Cardiorenal Syndrome, Chronic Kidney Disease, Anemia, and Heart Failure about?

Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) was first formally defined in 2004 as the interaction between the renal and circulatory systems with fluid volume. Therapies used in the treatment of acute heart failure to reduce congestion are limited by decreasing renal function [1]. This definition has since evolved as it did not fully encompass the complex bidirectional relationship these two organs share. In 2008, the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative used a consensus approach to further define CRS which was expanded upon by Ronco et al. into the 5 categories listed in Table 11. 1 [2]. This current definition is based on the acuity of presentation and the originating organ of dysfunction wherein acute or chronic dysfunction in one organ causes acute or chronic dysfunction in the other organ as well as possible systemic disorders affecting both organs in Type 11.5 [3]. There is certainly some overlap between these 5 phenotypes which can make accurate identification more difficult, and common comorbidities such as hypertension, vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and chronic inflammation can further complicate this clinical picture [4]. However, acknowledgment of the pathophysiologic interactions bet

Author

Michelle Mason Parker; Mark Wigger

Publisher

Springer International Publishing AG

Published

2023

Language

EN

ISBN

9783031201929

Subjects

Medical, Nursing, Medicine