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This document summarizes a journal article about the intellectual genealogy of early 20th century Muslim scholars (ulama) in the districts of Bulukumba and Bantaeng, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It discusses how the opening of the Suez Canal in the early 1900s encouraged many Indonesian Muslims to perform the Hajj pilgrimage and deepen their religious studies in Mecca and Medina. When these scholars returned home, they helped spread religious knowledge and formed intellectual connections between teachers and

Author

Twin Towers

Language

EN