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Calcium channel blockers, also known as calcium antagonists, are a class of drugs used to treat cardiovascular disorders by blocking the entry of calcium ions into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells. They lower blood pressure by decreasing cardiac output and contractility through negative inotropic and chronotropic effects on the heart, as well as reducing systemic vascular resistance. Calcium channel blockers are categorized as dihydropyridines or non-dihydropyridines, with dihydropyridines enhancing

Author

Intan Syamimi

Language

EN