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Two Distinct Etiologies of Gastric Cancer: Infection and Autoimmunity by Stella G. Hoft; Christine N. Noto; Richard J. DiPaolo is a Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology article available to read on EtoBox.

What is Two Distinct Etiologies of Gastric Cancer: Infection and Autoimmunity about?

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The risk of developing gastric adenocarcinoma, which comprises >90% of gastric cancers, is multifactorial, but most associated withHelicobacter pyloriinfection. Autoimmune gastritis is a chronic autoinflammatory syndrome where self-reactive immune cells are activated by gastric epithelial cell autoantigens. This cause of gastritis is more so associated with the development of neuroendocrine tumors. However, in both autoimmune and infection-induced gastritis, high risk metaplastic lesions develop within the gastric mucosa. This warrants concern for carcinogenesis in both inflammatory settings. There are many similarities and differences in disease progression between these two etiologies of chronic gastritis. Both diseases have an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma development, but each have their own unique comorbidities. Autoimmune gastritis is a primary cause of pernicious anemia, whereas chronic infection typically causes gastrointestinal ulceration. Both immune responses are driven by T cells, primarily CD4^+^T cells of the IFN-γ producing, Th1 phenotype. Neutrophilic infiltrates help clearH. pyloriinfection, but n

Who reads Two Distinct Etiologies of Gastric Cancer: Infection and Autoimmunity?

Author

Stella G. Hoft; Christine N. Noto; Richard J. DiPaolo

Publisher

Frontiers Media SA

Published

2021

Language

EN

Field

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Life Sciences)