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Memahami Hipospadia: Penyebab dan Komplikasi by Aza Patullah Zai is a document available to read on EtoBox.

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This document discusses hipospadia, a birth defect where the urethral opening is located abnormally on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip. Hipospadia cannot be prevented as the exact cause is unknown, but advanced maternal age and smoking during pregnancy may increase risk. Without treatment, complications can include abnormal penis shape, toilet training difficulties, penis bending during erections, and ejaculation issues. Diagnosis involves physical examination and may include tests of the

Author

Aza Patullah Zai

Language

EN