About this Medicine article
New insights into the pharmacological, immunological, and CAR-T-cell approaches in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by Dal Bo, Michele; De Mattia, Elena; Baboci, Lorena; Mezzalira, Silvia; Cecchin, Erika; Assaraf, Yehuda G.; Toffoli, Giuseppe is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sorafenib continues to be the anchor drug in the treatment of advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Other TKIs as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have also been approved, however the response rates remain poor and heterogeneous among HCC patients, largely due to antitumor drug resistance. Studies aimed at identifying novel biomarkers and developing new strategies to improve the response to current treatment and to overcome drug resistance, are urgently needed. Germline or somatic mutations, neoantigens, and an immunotolerogenic state against constant inflammatory stimuli in the liver, are crucial for the anti-tumor response. A pharmacogenetic approach has been attempted considering germline polymorphisms in genes encoding for proteins involved in drug-targeted pathways. Single gene and comprehensive multi-gene somatic profiling approaches have been adopted in HCC to identify tumor sensitivity scores and immunogenic profiles that can be exploited for new biomarkers and innovative therapeutic approaches. However, the high genomic heterogeneity of tumors and lack of molecularly targeted agents, hamper the discovery of specific m
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- Author
- Dal Bo, Michele; De Mattia, Elena; Baboci, Lorena; Mezzalira, Silvia; Cecchin, Erika; Assaraf, Yehuda G.; Toffoli, Giuseppe
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science; Elsevier ; Churchill Livingstone; Elsevier BV (ISSN 1368-7646)
- Published
- 2020
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Medicine (Health Sciences)