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Central nervous system zoning: How brain barriers establish subdivisions for CNS immune privilege and immune surveillance by Steven T. Proulx; Britta Engelhardt is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract The central nervous system (CNS) coordinates all our body functions. Neurons in the CNS parenchyma achieve this computational task by high speed communication via electrical and chemical signals and thus rely on a strictly regulated homeostatic environment, which does not tolerate uncontrolled entry of blood components including immune cells. The CNS thus has a unique relationship with the immune system known as CNS immune privilege. Previously ascribed to the presence of blood–brain barriers and the lack of lymphatic vessels in the CNS parenchyma prohibiting, respectively, efferent and afferent connections with the peripheral immune system, it is now appreciated that CNS immune surveillance is ensured by cellular and acellular brain barriers that limit immune cell and mediator accessibility to specific compartments at the borders of the CNS. CNS immune privilege is established by a brain barriers anatomy resembling the architecture of a medieval castle surrounded by two walls bordering a castle moat. Built for protection and defense this two‐walled rampart at the outer perimeter of the CNS parenchyma allows for accommodation of different immune cell subsets and efficie

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Author

Steven T. Proulx; Britta Engelhardt

Publisher

Wiley

Published

2022

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)