Opening book details…
Can I read Anatomical Considerations When Treating Compensatory Hypertrophy of the Upper Part of the Masseter after Long-Term Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injections on EtoBox?
Anatomical Considerations When Treating Compensatory Hypertrophy of the Upper Part of the Masseter after Long-Term Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injections by Lee, Kyu-Lim; Cho, Hyun Jin; Bae, Hyungkyu; Park, Hyun Jin; Park, Min Sun; Kim, Hee-Jin is a Agricultural and Biological Sciences article available to read on EtoBox.
What is Anatomical Considerations When Treating Compensatory Hypertrophy of the Upper Part of the Masseter after Long-Term Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injections about?
The masseter is the most targeted muscle when treating hypertrophy to produce a smooth face shape. Compensatory hypertrophy is a well known clinical sequela that occurs in botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) treatments and is limited to the lower part of the masseter. Based on the masseteric hypertrophy procedure, which targets a confined area, we predicted the possibility of compensatory hypertrophy occurring in the upper part of the masseter. If the patient complains about an unexpected result, additional injections must be performed, but the involved anatomical structures have not been revealed yet. The aim of this study was to identify the morphological patterns of the masseter. Deep tendons were observed in most specimens of the upper part of the masseter and mostly appeared in a continuous pattern (69.7%). The superficial and deep tendons could be classified into a simply connected form and forms surrounding part of the muscle. In 45.5% of cases there were tendon capsules that completely enclosed the muscle, which can interfere with how the injected toxin spreads. Interdigitation patterns in which the tendons could be identified independently between the muscles were present in 9.1%
Who reads Anatomical Considerations When Treating Compensatory Hypertrophy of the Upper Part of the Masseter after Long-Term Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injections?
It is typically read by researchers, students, and practitioners in Agricultural and Biological Sciences.
- Author
- Lee, Kyu-Lim; Cho, Hyun Jin; Bae, Hyungkyu; Park, Hyun Jin; Park, Min Sun; Kim, Hee-Jin
- Publisher
- MDPI AG; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI); Basel: MDPI, 2009- (ISSN 2072-6651)
- Published
- 2020
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Life Sciences)