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Asymmetric scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of the CuO2 plane of Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2, x = 0.125, shows a square domain structure with edge length four times the compound's lattice constant a0 (Cu-O-Cu distance). The domain structure is a direct consequence of the 4a0 by 4a0 superlattice formed by vertical Na+ pairs (oriented parallel to the crystal's c axis) that substitute Ca2+ ions. The surrounding O2- ions are displaced away from, and the Cu2+ ions toward the Na+ pairs. Contrary to the fourfold symmetry of the CuO2 plane, the stable displacement configuration has a twofold symmetry, dominated by large and, respectively, small displacement of opposite O2- ions being nearest neighbors to each vertical Na+ pair. The ion displacements give rise to sufficient squeeze of certain O2- ions that, by the Coulomb-oscillator model of superconductivity, prevents lateral overswing of their excited 3s electrons. The axial 3s oscillations are predominantly oriented in the directions of O2- ion displacements. The observed ladder pattern in the domains provides a direct imaging of the 3s Coulomb oscillators. The 'sidepieces' of the ladders correspond to long unidirectional pathways for 3s electron

Author

Bucher, Manfred

Published

2013

Language

EN