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This study investigates the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) phonophoresis with diclofenac on inflammation and pain in rats with carrageenan-induced knee joint arthritis. Results indicate that LIPUS phonophoresis significantly reduced inflammation and pain by downregulating M1 macrophages compared to LIPUS or diclofenac alone. The findings suggest that LIPUS phonophoresis may be a more effective treatment strategy for managing acute inflammation and pain.

Author
Cristian Leon
Language
EN

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