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The Hydrating Effects of Hypertonic, Isotonic and Hypotonic Sports Drinks and Waters on Central Hydration During Continuous Exercise: A Systematic Meta-Analysis and Perspective by David S. Rowlands; Brigitte Hani Kopetschny; Claire E. Badenhorst is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract ## Background Body-fluid loss during prolonged continuous exercise can impair cardiovascular function, harming performance. Delta percent plasma volume (dPV) represents the change in central and circulatory body-water volume and therefore hydration during exercise; however, the effect of carbohydrate–electrolyte drinks and water on the dPV response is unclear. ## Objective To determine by meta-analysis the effects of ingested hypertonic (> 300 mOsmol kg^−1^), isotonic (275–300 mOsmol kg^−1^) and hypotonic (< 275 mOsmol kg^−1^) drinks containing carbohydrate and electrolyte ([Na^+^] < 50 mmol L^−1^), and non-carbohydrate drinks/water (< 40 mOsmol kg^−1^) on dPV during continuous exercise. ## Methods A systematic review produced 28 qualifying studies and 68 drink treatment effects. Random-effects meta-analyses with repeated measures provided estimates of effects and probability of superiority (p~+~) during 0–180 min of exercise, adjusted for drink osmolality, ingestion rate, metabolic rate and a weakly informative Bayesian prior. ## Results Mean drink effects on dPV were: hypertonic − 7.4% [90% compatibility limits (CL) − 8.5, − 6.3], isotonic − 8.7% (90% CL − 10.1, − 7.4

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Author

David S. Rowlands; Brigitte Hani Kopetschny; Claire E. Badenhorst

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Published

2021

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)