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Male Sex Predicts Higher Depression Scores Among Healthy Collegiate Athletes by Oldham, Jessie; Wang, Francis; Berkstresser, Brant; Lanois, Corey; Meehan, William; Howell, David is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Objective To 1) investigate differences in baseline scores on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) between male and female athletes and 2) examine the influence of concussion history on baseline HADS scores. ## Background Although post-concussion differences between sexes have been documented, whether male and female athletes differ in reporting mental health outcomes and how concussion history may influence scores remains to be fully investigated. Since athletes may experience anxiety and depression after a concussion, screening prior to the beginning of an athletic season (baseline) may identify those who are prone to post-concussion mental health disturbances. ## Design/Methods One hundred fifty-two collegiate athletes (86 males, 66 females) completed a HADS assessment during baseline testing. Each participant also reported the number of diagnosed concussions he or she previously sustained. We used independent samples t-tests to compare baseline HADS scores between male and female athletes, and a multiple linear regression to examine the relationship between baseline HADS scores, sex, and concussion history. ## Results Female athletes reported significantly lower

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Author

Oldham, Jessie; Wang, Francis; Berkstresser, Brant; Lanois, Corey; Meehan, William; Howell, David

Publisher

Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - American Academy of Neurology; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ltd.; Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) (ISSN 0028-3878)

Published

2019

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)